Cranial Nerve Disorders

Vestibular neuronitis
Vestibular neuronitis is an inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which is located in your inner ear. The vestibular nerve carries balance signals from the inner ear to the brain. Vestibular neuronitis often follows a cold or upper respiratory illness, suggesting that it may be caused by a virus. The main symptom of vestibular neuronitis is vertigo, which appears suddenly and is often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Bell's palsy
Bell's palsy is a weakness (paralysis) that affects the muscles of the face. It is due to a problem with the facial nerve. It usually affects one side of the face, but rarely both sides are affected. Bell's palsy is named after the doctor who first described it. Bell's palsy is a weakness of the facial nerve. Bell's palsy has been described as a diagnosis of exclusion because several other disorders present similar symptoms.

Hemifacial spasm
Hemifacial spasm (also called tic convulsif) is an involuntary twitching of the facial muscles on one side of the face. The facial muscles are controlled by the facial nerve, which originates at the brainstem and exits the skull below the ear where it separates into five main branches. Hemifacial spasms are usually caused by a damaged facial nerve, which carries signals from the brain to the facial muscles.

Parry Romberg syndrome
Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by slowly progressive degeneration of the soft tissues of half of the face (hemifacial atrophy); distinctive changes of the eyes and hair; and neurological abnormalities including episodes of uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain and episodes of severe pain in tissues supplied by the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve).

Ramsay-Hunt syndrome
Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a herpes zoster virus infection of the geniculate ganglion of the facial nerve. Ramsay Hunt syndrome causes paralysis of the facial muscles on the same side of the face as the infection. It is usually associated with a rash in or around the ear, and sometimes on the roof of the mouth. Ramsay Hunt syndrome is usually more painful than Bell's palsy

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a condition that causes sudden bouts of pain in the throat and the back of the mouth and tongue. Neuralgia is defined as an intense burning or stabbing pain caused by irritation of or damage to a nerve. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is characterized by a severe lancinating pain in the posterior pharynx, tonsillar fossa, and base of the tongue.

Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia, also known as tic douloureux, is a painful disorder of a nerve in the face called the trigeminal nerve or fifth cranial nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve which is a nerve in the face. Trigeminal neuralgia causes episodes of sudden, intense facial pain that usually last for two minutes or less.


Source : neurology.health-cares.net