Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)




Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the more commonly recognized congenital cardiac anomalies presenting in adulthood. Atrial septal defect is characterized by a defect in the interatrial septum allowing pulmonary venous return from the left atrium to pass directly to the right atrium. Depending on the size of the defect, size of the shunt, and associated anomalies, this can result in a spectrum of disease from no significant cardiac sequelae to right-sided volume overload, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and even atrial arrhythmias.

With the routine use of echocardiography, the incidence of atrial septal defect is increased compared to earlier incidence studies using catheterization, surgery, or autopsy for diagnosis. The subtle physical examination findings and often minimal symptoms during the first 2-3 decades contribute to a delay in diagnosis until adulthood, the majority (more than 70%) of which is detected by the fifth decade. However, earlier intervention of most types of atrial septal defect is recommended.
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Nursing Intervention for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Nursing Diagnosis for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

1. Nursing Diagnosis : Risk for Decreased Cardiac Output related to the defect structure.

Goal:

Client will demonstrate improved cardiac output.

Expected results:

1. Heart frequency, blood pressure, and peripheral perfusion are in the normal range according to age.


2. Adequate urine output (between 0.5 to 2 ml / kg body weight, depending on age)

Nursing intervention / rational for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

1. Give digoxin based on the program, using the precautions made ​​to prevent toxisitas.


2. Give afterload-lowering drugs based on the program


3. Give diuretics according to courses

2. Nursing Diagnosis : Activity Intolerance related to disruption of oxygen transport system

Goal:

Clients maintain adequate energy levels without additional stress.

Expected results:

1. Children identify and conduct activities in accordance with ability.


2. Children get a break / sleep right.

Nursing intervention / rational for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

1. Provide frequent rest periods and sleep periods without interruption.


2. Encourage quiet games and activities.


3. Help child choose activities according to age, condition and capability.


4. Avoid extreme temperature environments due to hyperthermia or hypothermia increases oxygen demand.


5. Implement measures to reduce anxiety.


6. Respond immediately to the cry or other expressions of distress.

Nursing Assessment Nursing Care Plan Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)

Nursing Diagnosis Nursing Care Plan Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)